Solar Energy module (RE41007)

The Sun provides more energy to the Earth in one hour than humanity uses in a year. In this module, you will explore the physics and technology behind converting sunlight into electricity and heat, and how solar energy is transforming global energy systems. 

You will study how light from the Sun interacts with materials, and how this energy can be harnessed using photovoltaic (PV) devices. Building on your knowledge of atomic physics, you will learn how semiconductors, p–n junctions, and light absorption enable solar cells to generate electricity.  

You will explore current technologies such as silicon solar cells, as well as emerging materials like perovskites that are driving the next generation of high-efficiency devices. You will also learn how solar energy systems are designed and operated, including how panels are connected, how power is converted using inverters, and how performance is optimised for maximum output. 

You will investigate challenges such as intermittency, energy storage, and integration with the grid, alongside the environmental, economic, and societal factors that influence deployment. 

Using data analysis and modelling tools, you will evaluate system performance and explore how design choices affect efficiency, cost, and sustainability. 

This module prepares you for careers in renewable energy and sustainable technologies, where physics plays a central role in shaping the future of energy. 

What you will learn 

In this module, you will: 

• explore how solar energy is generated and used in real energy systems 
• study the physics of photovoltaic devices, including semiconductors and p–n junctions 
• analyse solar cell performance and efficiency 
• investigate current and emerging solar technologies 
• model and evaluate solar energy systems using data and simulation tools 
• explore solar thermal energy and its applications 
• assess environmental, economic, and societal aspects of solar energy. 

By the end of this module, you will be able to:

• explain the physical principles behind photovoltaic and solar thermal systems 
• analyse and evaluate solar energy technologies 
• model and optimise the performance of solar energy systems 
• assess the role of solar energy in global energy systems 
• consider technical, economic, and environmental factors influencing deployment 
• communicate key concepts in solar energy clearly

Assignments / assessments

• coursework (40%) 
• final, written exam (60%)

Teaching methods / timetable

• Lectures 
• Tutorials 
• Workshops 
• Practical laboratory sessions