Working Paper Series

The Potentials and the Limits of the Energy Charter Treaty as an instrument of International Law in contributing to Energy Security

Paul Samuel Tamuno 29 July, 2010 Energy Security has been defined as: “The notion that our society needs to ensure that: long term supply of energy from producers are available in sufficient quantities and at reasonable prices to meet demand from consuming countries; that international or ...

ASEAN's Investment Environment: A Comparative Study of Foreign Investment Regulations in Selected ASEAN Members

Dr. C. Lin 29 July, 2010 Since the ASEAN leaders were keen on seeking economic gains from foreign investors, it seems that the future cooperation of ASEAN is more focused on attracting investment from within and from outside of ASEAN members, instead of internal trading. In ...

A Note on EU Gas Dependency: The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index as a Concentration Measure for European Gas Imports

W Heijman and Meike Heukels 12 July, 2010 In this note the present and future concentration of the European gas import is shown with the help of the Herfindahl Hirschmann Index. This may be considered as one of the aspects of the European energy dependency. A high HHI ...

Climate Change Policy and Law Implications for the Extractive Industry

Anida Yupari 12 July, 2010 Climate change effects on the minerals sector are significant because minerals production is an important economic activity for many countries, in both the developed and developing world. This article explores the implications of policy/regulatory measures and physical effects of climate ...

Current Legal Regime Governing the Arctic Region and Investment by Oil and Gas Companies

Ondotimi Songi 26 March, 2010 The Arctic region remains the current focus for future energy security with its vast hydrocarbon resources. As the demand for energy increases, energy companies’ interests are now on the Arctic. This paper discuss es the current legal regime governing the ...

Iraq's Oil Revival versus its Constitutional Legacy

Professor Peter Cameron 26 March, 2010 Iraq held a successful democratic election earlier this month and negotiations are now under way for the formation of a new government. The management of the country’s oil renaissance will be at the top of its agenda. In the latest ...

Soft Law and Hard Sanctions in Upstream Oil and Gas in Developing Regions -How International Codes, Principles and Protocols Influence National Projects and Developments

Bede Nwete 18 February, 2010 The negative effect of globalization, and resource curse problem prevalent in most resource rich developing regions, fuelled by the combined issue of corruption, weak national systems of legal control, and unequal economic and financial clout of international companies and various ...

Current European Gas Pricing Problems: Solutions Based on Price Review and Price Re-Opener Provisions

Morten Frisch 18 February, 2010 A two tier price system developed for gas in Continental Europe in late 2008, consisting of the price generated by oil-indexed pricing formulae in long-term Take or Pay gas supply contracts and prices generated in European gas trading hubs. Up ...

Who Set International Oil Price? A View From Russia

Dr. Andrey A. Konoplyanik 18 February, 2010 Soaring oil prices since 2004, with especially fast growth in late 2007 — first half of 2008 to their historical maximum at 147 USD/bbl of WTI in July 2008, followed by their collapse afterwards, are the logical result of evolution ...

Evolution of Gas Pricing in Continental Europe: Modernization of Indexation Formulas Versus Gas to Gas Competition

Dr. Andrey A. Konoplyanik 18 February, 2010 It is well known that the dominant gas pricing mechanism in Continental Europe has been historically based on determining the contract price of gas on its replacement value in the end‐use sectors, i.e. linking contract gas prices through specific formulas ...